The laundresses night Breton
Among the kinds of fantastic creatures found in some areas one of the most popular European folklore is that of "laundresses 'species' nocturnal "upon whom Breton encountered within some Legends of interest.
Among them is Les Lavandières de nuit, the text of the original is it Le Foyer Breton, Emile Souvestre, Paris 1844 (pp. 69-75), and appearing in Italian translation - The Washerwomen the night - in the collection Legends of Britain mysterious [1] .
Souvestre (1806-1854) had collected Les Lavandières de nuit to Guissény in 1831, in Leon (North-West region of Britain, the department of Finistère). Note that the story, as well as "translation" in French (for which probably Souvestre had done to help) - and its loss of the original Leonese - has been the integration of "personal considerations or adjustments" by the same Souvestre [2] .
this story - along with two other witnesses on lavandières de nuit Breton - is played by Françoise Le Roux and Christian-J. Guyonvarc'h it The warrior Souveraneité de Ireland (1983) [3] , work in which the two authors argue that the Breton legend is the 'survival' [4] of a story mythical Celtic on the goddess of war in Ireland M rr ó í gan Bodb or that - as a young 'washerwoman at the ford' - washing the remains of the hero C ú Chulainn before he faces his last battle [5] .
The other two examples given by F. Le Roux and Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h contain:
• "the definitive establishment of these female characters as given by François-René Le Men in Traditions et Superstitions de la Basse-Bretagne (in Revue Celtique," I, 1870-1872, p. 421) and a footnote added to the text on [6] ;
• a story - Celle qui lavait la nuit ("The one who washed the night) - collected by Anatole Le Braz-Daoulas Plougastel (Finistère) in October 1890 and published two years later he La légende de la mort chez les Bretons armoricains (the 1945 edition, Volume II, pp. 259-63) [7] .
Even in this second story there was sent the original Breton. Both, however, beyond the changes, preserve the 'intact bottom "of the narrative [8] .
On beliefs about the Breton Washerwomen night, you're legends and other evidence have been more recently reported and commented upon (and accompanied by invaluable information on works and authors) in the catalog compiled by Jean Berthou the exhibition entitled Les precisely Lavandières de la Nuit, held in 1992-1993 at the Musée Yan 'Dargent Saint-Servais (Finistère). Are contained in this publication, in order: •
no reference to "the first written record of the legend," appeared in 1799 it Le Voyage dans le Finistère Cambry Jacques (1749-1807), and "correction" made by Souvestre, when these in 1835 edited the new edition of the work of Cambry [9] ;
• the revision of the highlights of the 'sec canevas' given by the legend R.-F. The Men (folk synthesis of which, notes Berthou, it is not possible to date the drawing) [10] ;
• current traces of the legend and picked Plourin Commana, City of Leon [11] ;
• Les Lavandières de nuit, collected by Souvestre [12] ;
• The Lavandière de Nuit, narrated by François Breton Thépaut February 19, 1890, in Plouaret (Côtes-du-Nord, since 1990 Côtes-d'Armor), translated and published in French in 1894 by folklorist Luzel François-Marie (1821-1895), whose work collector - according to J. Berthou - was characterized by "the most scrupulous attention," [13] ;
• Celle qui la nuit lavait , collected by Anatole Le Braz [14] ;
• Les Lavandières de nuit, text present at pp. Contes et Legends of 23-7 de la Bretagne, de Elvira Cerny (1818-1899), Paris, 1899 [15] ;
• Les Lavandières de Nuit, by Nouveaux Contes Legends et de Bretagne, François Cadiz (1864-1929), Paris 1922, pp. 162-3 (the folk tradition of Morbihan) [16] ;
• belonging to a brief passage Coutumes, mythes et Traditions des provinces françaises Alfred de Nore, Paris, 1846 (p. 211) [17 ] ;
• Les Lavandières de Nuit and The Lavandière Gourdais des Noes, short stories collected in Britain by Paul High Sébillot (1843-1918) published respectively in Traditions et Superstitions en Haute-Bretagne, Paris , 1882, pp. 248 ff. And Contes Populaires en Haute-Bretagne , Paris, 1880, pp. 202-3 [18] ;
• text Breton Erwan Berthou (1861-1933), translated into French and published in the same Le Breton Clocher , February-March 1910, pp. 1872 and 1890 (the folk tradition of Trégor) [19] ;
• two short oral texts of Trégor Breton, taken from Part Three of Trésor du Breton speaks Jules Gros (1890-1992) [20] .
to complete a survey or, so to speak, a dossier on the night Breton Washerwomen, are also useful (if necessary) The information contained in some other publications, especially in the work The folk-lore de France (1904-1907) and Paul Sébillot La Bretagne et ses Traditions (1968) of his son Paul-Yves (1885 - 1971). But let
hours on the main witnesses Breton, reproduced in the publication of Le Roux - Guyonvarc'h and Berthou and originally present in the work of Cambry, Le Men, Souvestre, Luzel, Le Braz and Cadiz, in which witnesses may recognize the face essential and most common, and sometimes with, particular elements or secondary, of those supernatural beings who are the "night of the laundresses' [→ part 2 ].
[1] Gw. The Scouëzec (1986): 33-8 and 269-71 (notes).
Le Foyer Breton was reissued in 1990 by Éditions Terre de Brume (with Préface Dominique Besançon). Les Lavandières de nuit is on pp. 102-9.
[2] F. Le Roux, Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h (1983): 80; J. Berthou (1993): 9, 16.
[3] F. Le Roux, Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h (1983): 80-4.
[4] F. Le Roux, Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h (1983): 87.
[5] F. Le Roux, Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h (1983): 7-8, 37-9, 105. Cfr. anche: F. Le Roux, Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h (1990): 35, 136-9; M. J. Green (1992), s. v. Badbh ; J. MacKillop (1998), s. v. washer at the ford ; D. Kervella, E. Seure-Le Bihan (2001): s. v. Badhbh ; J. T. Koch (2006): s. vv. bean sí , Bodb ; Claude Sterckx (2009): 338-9.
Ecco il passo della «lavandaia al guado» tradotto dalla versione francese di Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h [(1983): 37-8]:
«Non erano andati lontano dalla fort when [Cúchulainn and daughters of kings and princes who followed him] met a beautiful girl from a white body, blonde, in front of the Vigil Ford, in the prairie of Emain. She was sad and troubled and twisted remains of purple, broken to pieces, bloody, and rinsed on the shores of ford.
"Look over there, or Cane," said Cathfad, "the daughter of Bodhbh that is washing your bare and your equipment? [...]».
[6] F. Le Roux, Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h (1983): 79-80.
[7] F. Le Roux, Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h (1983): 84-6; J. Berthou (1993): 49-51. In A. Le Braz (1990) Celle qui la nuit lavait is on pp. 234-9 of Volume II.
[8] F. Le Roux, Ch.-J. Guyonvarc'h (1983): 87. In
Préface to La Légende de la mort Georges Dottin Le Braz remembers how to lead his investigations with care and concern for the truth, but not always choosing the best available information. In ' AVERTISSEMENT Le Braz the same claims to have tried to make a scrupulously faithful translation not only the letter but also the spirit, so as to retain at least some' of the 'sour taste' stories. In ' Introduction à la Première Edition , Léon Marillier Le Braz explained that he wrote down the legends told in Brittany, directly in that language, then translated into the French always respecting the form and making only minor changes to the texts, so his translations were "almost verbatim." [A. Le Braz (1990): Préface, pp. 7-8; AVERTISSEMENT , pp. VI, LXVII; Appendix, p. 399.]
[9] J. Berthou (1993): 9, 15, 45; J. Cambry (1993): 40.
[10] J. Berthou (1993): 10-11.
[11] J. Berthou (1993): 13.
[12] J. Berthou (1993): 16-9.
[13] J. Berthou (1993): 46-8.
The story can be found on pp. 167-70 in F.-M.Luzel (1995), under the title The Lavandière de nuit and subtitle The fileuse .
[14] J. Berthou (1993): 49-51.
[15] J. Berthou (1993): 54-5.
[16] J. Berthou (1993): 56-8.
[17] J. Berthou (1993): 73.
[18] J. Berthou (1993): 74.
[19] J. Berthou (1993): 75.
[20] J. Berthou (1993): 76.
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